What is the fundamental difference between a virus and a bacterium?
Antibiotics treat bacterial infections but not viral ones. What biological differences between viruses and bacteria explain this, and how do antiviral drugs work instead?
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Medicine
Anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, clinical facts, and medical history
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Why does cancer develop, and why is it so difficult to cure?
Cancer is not a single disease. What is happening at the cellular level when cancer develops, and what makes it so challenging to treat universally?
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How do vaccines work?
Vaccines protect against infectious diseases without exposing a person to the active pathogen. What is the immunological mechanism that makes this possible?
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What is the placebo effect, and is it "real"?
Patients who receive inert treatments sometimes improve. Is the placebo effect a genuine physiological phenomenon, a statistical artefact, or something else?
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